Beatrix Heintze and Adam Jones, “Introduction,” Paideuma v. 33 (1987): 1-17; Molly Callahan N, “Unearthing a Long-Ignored African Writing System, One Researcher Finds African History, by Africans,” The Brink, December 21, 2022, ➝.
Cf. Maxwell Owusu, “Ethnography of Africa: The Usefulness of the Useless,” American Anthropologist v. 80, no. 2 (1978): 310-334; Johannes Fabian, Time and the Other: How Anthropology Makes Its Object (New York: Columbia University Press, 1983).
Heintze and Jones, “Introduction,” 3-4.
Beatrix Heintze and Katja Rieck, “The Extraordinary Journey of the Jaga Through the Centuries: Critical Approaches to Precolonial Angolan Historical Sources,” History in Africa 34 (2007): 68; John Thornton, “European Documents and African History,” in Writing African History, 259, ed. John Edward Philips (Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2005).
Hermann Frobenius, Afrikanische Bautypen: eine etnographisch-architektonische Studie (Dachau b. München: Franz Mondrion, 1894); Hermann Frobenius, Die Moscheebauten im Sudan (Neuhaldensleben: Eyraud, 1896); Hermann Frobenius, Die Erdgebäude im Sudan (Hamburg: Verl.-Anst. und Dr. (vorm. J. F. Richter), 1897).
Frobenius, Afrikanische Bautypen, 49-50.
See Thomas Spear and Richard Waller, eds., Being Maasai: Ethnicity and Identity In East Africa (Athens: Ohio University Press, 1993), 9-14; Robert Fay, “Maasai,” in Encyclopedia of Africa (Oxford University Press, 2010), ➝.
See Chris Lowe, “Talking About ‘Tribe’: Moving from Stereotypes to Analysis,” African Policy Information Center, Background Paper 010, November 1997, ➝.
See Gregory Maddox, “Leave wagogo, you have no food: Famine and survival in Ugogo, Tanzania, 1916-1961,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University, 1988, 3.
See “Stuhlmann, Franz,” ➝; Stuhlmann, Mit Emin Pascha ins Herz von Afrika (Berlin: Kuhnert, 1894), 49, 767, 812.
See Kamusi ya Kiswahili Sanifu: Toleo la Pili {A standard Swahili Dictionary, second edition} (Nairobi: Oxford University Press, 2004).
See Karl Weule, “Tembe,” in Deutsches Kolonial Lexikon 3, ed. Heinrich Schnee (Leipzig: Quelle & Meyer, 1920), 474.
See R. G. Abrahams, The Peoples of Greater Unyamwezi, Tanzania, Ethnographic Survey of Africa: East Central Africa, Part XVII (London: International African Institute, 1967); Susan Denyer, African Traditional Architecture: An Historical and Geographical Perspective (New York: Africana Publishing Co., 1982), 62-63, 246.
See E. Heath, “Nyamwezi,” in Encyclopedia of Africa: Oxford University Press, ➝, retrieved 22 Mar. 2021; R. G. Abrahams, The Nyamwezi Today: A Tanzanian People in the 1970s (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981); Stephen A. Rockel, “A Nation of Porters: The Nyamwezi and the Labour Market in Nineteenth-Century Tanzania,” The Journal of African History 41, no. 2 (2000): 173-195.
See Isaria N. Kimambo, Gregory H. Maddox and Salvatory S. Nyanto, A New History of Tanzania (Dar Es Salaam: Mkuki na Nyota Publishers, 2017), 100, 128.
See James de Vere Allen, Swahili origins: Swahili culture and the Shungwaya Phenomenon (Oxford: Currey, 1993), 1-21; Alamin Mazrui and Ibraham Shariff, The Swahili: Idiom and Identity of an African people (Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press, 1994).
See Adria LaViolette and Stephanie Wynne-Jones, eds., The Swahili World (London: Routledge, 2020).
See Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch, “The Process of Urbanization in Africa,” African Studies Review 34, no. 1 (1991): 1-98.
Stuhlmann, Mit Emin Pascha, 50, 812. An almost verbatim description of a tembe appears a few years after Frobenius’s in Gustav Meineck, ed. Deutschland und seine Kolonien im Jahre 1896; amtlicher Bericht èuber die erste Deutsche Kolonial-Ausstellung (Berlin: Dietrich Reimer, 1897), 22.
Leo Frobenius, Der Ursprung der afrikanischen Kulturen (Berlin: Gebr. Bornträger, 1898).
See Seth Quartey, “Missionary Practices: German-Speaking Missionaries Between the Home Committee and Colonial Environment in the Gold Coast (West Africa) 1828-1895,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, 2004, 131.
See Marcel Griaule, Dieu d’eau: Entretiens avec Ogotommeli (Paris: Editions du Chene, 1948).
For a brief description of historical Maasai architecture and an analysis of contemporary Maasai built forms, see R. W. Rukwaro, “The Kenyan Maasai architecture in a changing culture,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, 1997. Susan Denyer also provides a climate-based explanation for the low profile of historical Maasai buildings in African Traditional Architecture, 103-104.
Beatrix Heintze and Katja Rieck, “The Extraordinary,” 69.
Cf. Marion Johnson, “Interesting Document, Dangerous Translation,” History in Africa 14 (1987): 359-361.
Susan Bassnett, “Postcolonialism and/as Translation,” in The Oxford Handbook of Postcolonial Studies, ed. Graham Huggan (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), 341; Odile Cisneros, “From Isomorphism to Cannibalism: The Evolution of Haroldo de Campos’s Translation Concepts,” Traduction, Terminologie et Redaction 25, no. 2 (2012): 15–44; Elena Di Giovanni, “Translation as Craft, as Recovery, as the Life and Afterlife of a Text: Sujit Mukherjee on Translation in India,” TranscUlturAl 5, no. 1-2 (2013): 99-115; A. Lefevere, “Beyond Interpretation” or the Business of (Re)Writing,” Comparative Literature Studies 24, no. 1 (1987): 17-39; Haroldo de Campos, Antonio Sergio Bessa and Odile Cisneros, eds., Novas: Selected Writings (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2007), 315; Rainer Guldin, “Devouring the Other: cannibalism, translation and the construction of cultural identity,” in Translating Selves: Experience and Identity between Languages and Literatures, eds. Paschalis Nikolaou and Maria-Venetia Kyritsi, eds. (London: Continuum, 2008), 113-114; Saidiya Hartman, “Venus in Two Acts,” Small Axe 12, no. 2 (2008): 1-14.
On the problematics of the “n-word”, see Emily Bernard, “ “Teaching the N-Word,” The American Scholar, September 1, 2005, ➝.
Haroldo de Campos, quoted in Guldin, “Devouring,” 114.
