Cedric Price, “Learning,” Architectural Design (May 1968): 207.
“The School Scene: Change and More Change,” Progressive Architecture (April 1968): 130.
See Educational Research: the Educationalization of Social Problems, ed. Paul Smeyers and Marc Depaepe (Dordrecht: Springer, 2008).
“The School Scene: Change and More Change,” 130.
A kind of marathon or “all-nighter” drawing session common in architectural schools, but also, at the time, a popular form of organizing community participation in the planning process. On the charrette format, see Daniel Willis, “Are Charrettes Old School?,” Harvard Design Magazine 33 (2010), ➝.
On the EFL, see Judy Marks, “A History of Educational Facilities Laboratories (EFL),” National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC, 2009, ➝ and Amy F. Ogata, “Educational Facilities Laboratories: Debating and Designing the Postwar American Schoolhouse,” in Designing Schools. Space, Place, and Pedagogy, ed. Kate Darian-Smith and Julie Willis (London and New York: Routledge, 2017), 55–67. On SCSD, see Joshua D. Lee, Flexibility and Design. Learning from the School Construction Systems Development (SCSD) Project (New York and London: Routledge, 2018).
See Kathy Velikov, “Tuning Up the City. Cedric Price’s Detroit Think Grid,” Journal of Architectural Education 69, no. 1 (2015): 40–52, here 41–42 (I am indebted to Velikov’s research, especially for her reconstruction of the context of Price’s contribution to the Rice Design Fete and the role that Canfield and Tirrell played in it).
Progressive Architecture (April 1968): 201.
John E. Tirrell, Albert A. Canfield, “Goodbye to the Classroom,” Architectural Design (May 1968): 225
Ibid.
Educational Facilities Laboratories, “Foreword,” in New Schools for New Towns, ed. William Cannady, School of Architecture, Rice University, Houston, and Educational Facilities Laboratories (Houston: self-published, 1967), 5.
“New Schools in New Towns. The Future,” Progressive Architecture (April 1968): 201.
“University Sire Town,” Progressive Architecture (April 1968): 205.
Ibid., 205.
“New Town in an Old Site,” Progressive Architecture (April 1968): 211-212.
See Miriam Wasserman, “Busing as a ‘Cover Issue’—a Radical View,” Urban Review 6, no. 1 (September-October 1972): 6–11; George W. Gaston Jr., “Busing: Excuse or Challenge?,” The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas 46, no. 7 (1972): 434–439; Busing U.S.A., ed. Nicolaus Mills (New York and London: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1979.
“New Town in an Old Site,” 212.
“Total Learning Environment with a Kit of Parts,” Progressive Architecture (April 1968): 208. As Kathy Velikov has pointed out, the Rice Design Fete provided Price with the right kind of brainstorm environment allowing him to further develop ideas from the Potteries Thinkbelt project, emphasizing automotive movement and processes of urban decay as facts to be acknowledged in designing a pervasive and expansive notion of urban education or, rather, educational urbanism (Velikov, “Tuning Up the City,” 41–43).
Cedric Price, “ATOM. Design for New Learning in a New Town,” Architectural Design (May 1968): 233.
Price, “ATOM. Design for New Learning in a New Town,” 232.
“Pop Education,” Progressive Architecture (April 1968): 207.
New Schools for New Towns, 54.
Bayard Rustin, “The Mind of the Black Militant,” in The Schoolhouse in the City, ed. Alvin Toffler (New York et al.: Praeger, 1968), 29, 31.
Ibid., 34.
Ibid., 54. Robert J. Havighurst, “Differing Needs for Social Renewal.”
For an instructive study on the education parks of the 1960s see Patrick R. Potyondy, “Reimagining Urban Education Civil Rights, Educational Parks, and the Limits of Reform,” Counterpoints 461 (2014): 27–54.
This contribution derives from a presentation given at Nottingham Contemporary on November 8, 2019. A video recording of the presentation is available here.
Architectures of Education is a collaboration between Nottingham Contemporary, Kingston University, and e-flux Architecture, and a cross-publication with The Contemporary Journal.