Unbuilding Ageism - Mark Hammond and Niamh Kavanagh - Towards an Architecture of Allyship

Towards an Architecture of Allyship

Mark Hammond and Niamh Kavanagh

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A community BBQ at Hopton Court in Manchester, UK, which acted as a consultation event for a new community space (June 2023). Photo: authors.
Unbuilding Ageism
May 2026










Notes
1

Anna Dickens, “The Architect and the Workhouse,” The Architectural Review, 1976, .

2

Peter Townsend, The Last Refuge: A Survey of Institutions and Homes for the Aged in England and Wales (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1962).

3

UK Seniors Housing Report Q3 2024 (JLL, 2024), . State of Ageing 2025 – Homes (Centre for Ageing Better, 2025), .

4

Glenda Laws, “‘The Land of Old Age’: Society’s Changing Attitudes toward Urban Built Environments for Elderly People,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 83, no. 4 (1993): 672–93.

5

Jocelyn Angus and Patricia Reeve, “Ageism: A threat to ‘Aging Well’ in the 21st Century,” Journal of Applied Gerontology 25, no. 2 (2006): 137–52.

6

Tina Buffel and Chris Phillipson, “Ageing in a Gentrifying Neighbourhood: Experiences of Community Change in Later Life,” Sociology 53, no. 6 (2019): 987–1004.

7

Tom de Castella, “Architect Slams ‘Ageist’ Borough Council in Surrey Retirement Village Row,” Architects’ Journal, October 28, 2020, .

8

Rob Imrie, “Architects’ Conceptions of the Human Body,” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 21, no. 1 (2003): 47–65.

9

Housing, Ageing and Care (LGBT Foundation, 2020), .

10

Christina Buse et al., “Imagined bodies: Architects and Their Constructions of Later Life,” Ageing and Society 37, no. 7 (2017): 1435–57.

11

Niamh Kavanagh et al., “Co-Creating Spatial Justice in High-Rise Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) in Manchester, UK,” in Architectures of Ageing in Place, ed. Anuradha Chatterjee (London: Routledge, 2025), 39–58.

12

Tina Cribbin et al., Ageing Well in Place in Hulme, Manchester (March 2021), .

13

Interview with older tenant, Manchester, 2024.

14

Jiaxuan E et al., “An Overview of Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) for Ageing in Place,” Buildings 12, no. 5 (2022).

15

Niamh Kavanagh et al., “Working with Conflict in Community Research,” British Science Association, 2025, .

16

Loretta Lees, “What Constitutes Engaged Dialogue in Urban Research? Thoughts From a Long Time “Outside-Insider” Dialogues in Urban Research 2, no 1 (2024): 7–21.

17

Niamh Kavanagh et al., “Working with Conflict in Community Research.”

18

Townsend, The Last Refuge.

19

“Older People’s Housing Taskforce,” GOV.UK, 2024, .

20

Jarmin Yeh et al., “Dismantling and Rebuilding Praxis for Age-Friendly Cities and Communities: Towards an Emancipatory Approach,” in Reimagining Age-Friendly Communities: Urban Ageing and Spatial Justice, ed. Tina Buffel et al. (Bristol, UK: Policy Press, 2024), 204–28.







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