Office of the Press Secretary, “The Clinton Presidency: Unleashing the New Economy - Expanding Access to Technology,” The White House, Record of Progress, 2001. See ➝.
Jennifer Kavanaugh, “East Palo Alto: Clinton decries ‘digital divide,’” Palo Alto Online, April 19, 2000. See ➝.
Office of the Press Secretary, “The President’s New Markets Trip: From Digital Divide to Digital Opportunity,” April 18, 2000. See ➝.
To quote one of the journalists who covered the event, “At times the corporate presence at the event felt a bit heavy-handed. Members of an elementary school choir were decked out in T-shirts reading ‘Cisco Systems and Costaño School’ and sang a song for the audience praising its corporate sponsor.” Coile, “Clinton: Fight Poverty with Tech”,” SFGate, April 18, 2000. See ➝.
Carly Fiorina, “Remarks,” (speech, San Jose, California, April 30, 2003) Rainbow/Push Digital Connections Conference. See ➝.
Bill Clinton, “Remarks by the President in Digital Divide Discussion with the East Palo Alto Community,” Plugged In Event (East Palo Alto, California, April 18, 2000), Office of the Press Secretary. See ➝.
Coile, “Clinton.”
The term “philanthrocapitalism” was coined by Matthew Bishop and Michael Green in their 2008 book Philanthrocapitalism: How the Rich Can Save The World. The book was endorsed by Bill Clinton, who wrote in its foreword that this concept drives the philanthropy of the Clinton Foundation.
Molly Wood, “East Palo Alto: Next door to Big Tech, vulnerable to climate change,” Marketplace Tech, September 20, 2019. See ➝.
Kim-Mai Cutler, “East of Palo Alto’s Eden: Race and the Formation of Silicon Valley,” TechCrunch+, January 10, 2015. See ➝.
Michael B. Kahan, “Reading Whiskey Gulch: The Meanings of Space and Urban Redevelopment in East Palo Alto,” Arcade: A Digital Salon 8, August 31, 2015. See ➝.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, East Palo Alto has a higher rate of childhood asthma than the rest of San Mateo County. Further, due to the explosion of high-tech manufacturing facilities across Silicon Valley, San Mateo and Santa Clara County have the highest number of EPA-monitored Superfund sites in the nation. Tara Lohan, “How a Silicon Valley City Cut Landmark Deals to Solve a Water Crisis,” The New Humanitarian, July 25, 2018. See ➝.
“20 years of East Palo Alto,” Palo Alto Online, September 10, 2003. See ➝. These dates differ between historical accounts, mostly due to bureaucratic differences in how the city was documented within the approximately 10-year span it took for the state to recognize East Palo Alto’s cityhood.
Kahan, “Reading Whiskey Gulch.”
See Olon Dotson’s examination of Fourth World Theory in Fourth World Nation: A Critical Geography of Decline (West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 2019), 72 – 85, for post-industrial parallels to Detroit, Michigan, and Gary, Indiana.
Don Kazak, “East Palo Alto, Whiskey Gulch comes tumbling down,” Palo Alto Online, April 28, 2000. See ➝.
Scott Wilson, “In East Palo Alto, residents say tech companies have created ‘a semi-feudal society,’” The Washington Post, November 4, 2018. See ➝.
Kristin D. Zeit, “Ravenswood Health Center John and Susan Sobrato Campus,” Healthcare Design, July 22, 2016. See ➝.
Shane Reiner-Roth, “wHY Architects’ new youth center in East Palo Alto will center the community,” The Architect’s Newspaper, September 13, 2019. See ➝.
Angela Swartz, “In the largest donation in Ravenswood’s history, foundation gives $30 million to build ‘community hub’ at middle school,” The Almanac, December 11, 2022. See ➝.
Iain Hay and Samantha Muller, “Questioning generosity in the Golden Age of Philanthropy. Towards critical geographies of super-philanthropy,” Progress in Human Geography 38, no. 5 (October 2014): 635-853.
Danny Dorling, “The Case for Austerity Among the Rich,” The Progressive Policy Think Tank, London: Institute for Public Policy Research (2012).
M. Bishop and M. Green, Philanthrocapitalism: How the Rich can Save the World (London: Bloomsbury Press, 2008).
John Cassidy, “Mark Zuckerberg and the Rise of PhilanthroCapitalism,” The New Yorker, December 2, 2015. See ➝.
Vassilisa Rubtsova, “The Merits and Drawbacks of Philanthrocapitalism,” Berkely Economic Review, March 14, 2019. See ➝.
The Primary School, “Our Public Funding Plan,” The Primary School Organization. See ➝.
The Primary School, “Our Public Funding Plan.”
Emily Mibach, “School proposed by Mark Zuckerberg’s wife, Dr. Priscilla Chan, receives scrutiny,” Palo Alto Daily Post, December 25, 2018. See ➝.
The Primary School, “Our Public Funding Plan.”
Maggie Angst, “Private school founded by Mark Zuckerberg’s wife OK’d in East Palo Alto despite concerns,”The East Bay Times, June 20, 2019. See ➝.
Louis Hansen, “Working homeless forced to move in East Palo Alto,” The Mercury News, November 15, 2017. See ➝.
Emily Mibach, “The Primary School, founded by Mark Zuckerberg’s wife, leases abandoned school after dispute with sewer district over school’s favored site,” The Daily Post, July 17, 2020. See ➝.
Kali Hays, “Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan’s charity organization is making a major change in strategy after laying off 48 people.” Business Insider, August 9, 2023. See ➝.
Kali Hays, “Priscilla Chan says CZI is now a ‘science-focused philanthropy’ as its COO leaves,” Business Insider, published January 10, 2024. See ➝.
The Primary School, “About Us,” The Primary School. See ➝.
Carl Rhodes and Peter Bloom, “The trouble with charitable billionaires,” The Guardian, May 24, 2018, ➝; Rachel Dovey, “What Zuckerberg’s $100 Million Bought Neward Public Schools,” Next City, October 17, 2017, ➝; Steven Melendez, “After rapid growth, Zuckerberg-backed school program faces scrutiny over effectiveness, data privacy,” November 19, 2018, ➝; Nick Tabor, “Mark Zuckerberg Is Trying to Transform Education. This Town Fought Back,” New York Intelligencer, October 11, 2018, ➝; Nellie Bowles, “Silicon Valley Came to Kansas Schools. That Started a Rebellion,” The New York Times, April 21, 2019, ➝; Matt Barnum, “Mark Zuckerberg tried to revolutionize American education with technology. It didn’t go as planned,” Chalkbeat, October 4, 2023, ➝.
Emerson Collective, “East Palo Alto Waterfront Project: Area Plan Project Vision,” December 15, 2021. See ➝.
Sarah McBride and Gerry Smith, “Laurene Powell Jobs' Foundation Becomes a VC Machine,” Bloomberg, April 25, 2019, ➝.
David Montgomery, “The Quest of Laurene Powell Jobs,” The Washington Post, June 11, 2018. See ➝.
Elisa Lipsky-Karasz, “Laurene Powell Jobs is Giving It Her All,” The Wall Street Journal, September 28, 2022. See ➝.
Lipsky-Karasz, “Laurene Powell Jobs.”
Bloomhouse, “About Emerson Collective,” ➝.
Dremann, “Laurene Powell Jobs buys 30 acres.”
Emily Mibach, “Steve Jobs' widow unveils large development,” Palo Alto Daily Post, September 20, 2020. See ➝.
Emerson Collective, “East Palo Alto Waterfront Project.”
Patty Rally, “Center for Economic Mobility Receives Approval From City of East Palo Alto Planning Commission,” JobTrainWorks, January 25, 2022. See ➝.
Emerson Collective, “East Palo Alto Waterfront Project.”
Bloomhouse Representatives, “Bloomhouse and the East Palo Alto Waterfront Development Project Interview,” interview by Leigh House (2023).
See Luis Suarez-Villa’s Technocapitalism: A Critical Perspective on Technological Innovation and Corporatism chapter on “Creativity as a Commodity” (2009 p. 31-55).
Jeremy Beer, Philanthropic Revolution: An Alternative History of American Charity (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015), 85–90; Angela Eikenberry and Roseanne Mirabella, “Extreme Philanthropy: Philanthrocapitalism, Effective Altruism, and the Discourse of Neoliberalism,” American Political Science Association (January 2018), 43 – 45.
A similar record of East Palo Alto’s history was funded and published by Romic Chemical Corporation for the city’s tenth anniversary in 1993.
Ofelia Bello, Zoom interview with Leigh House, August 24, 2023.
The Washington, DC “Gentrification Proof” pavilion designed in collaboration with the Emerson Collective, Redbrick, and architect David Adjaye, as well as the public concerns about the “California Forever” Solano County development recently announced by the Flannery Associates, further exemplify the trend of speculative “social impact” development that Powell Jobs has been undertaking.
Joanne Barkan, Dissent Magazine, October 22, 2013. See ➝.
Bello interview, August 2023.