Issue #135 Before and After? Temporalities of Disaster

Before and After? Temporalities of Disaster

Rebecca Jarman

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On November 13, 1985, a small eruption of Nevado del Ruiz produced an enormous lahar (mudslide) that buried and destroyed the town of Armero in Tolima, causing an estimated 25,000 deaths. Source: NASA Earth Obsdervatory. License: Public Domain.

Issue #135
April 2023










Notes
1

Ana Carrigan, The Palace of Justice: A Colombian Tragedy (Four Walls Eight Windows, 1993).

2

Javier Darío Restrepo, Avalancha sobre Armero: Crónicas, reportajes y documentos de una imprevisión trágica (El Áncora Editores, 1986).

3

Alfredo Morano Bravo et al., 1985: La semana que cambió Colombia (Semana Libros, 2015).

4

Barry Voight, “The 1985 Nevado del Ruiz Volcano Catastrophe: Anatomy and Retrospection,” Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, no. 44 (1990): 374.

5

Cited in Austin Zeiderman, Endangered City: The Politics of Security and Risk in Bogotá (Duke University Press, 2016), 39.

6

Rob Nixon, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor (Harvard University Press, 2017), 2–3. See also Timothy Clark, Ecocrticism on the Edge: The Anthropocene as a Threshold Concept (Bloomsbury, 2015) and Amitav Ghosh, The Great Derangement: Climate Change and the Unthinkable (University of Chicago Press, 2016).

7

Joanna Page, “Planetary Art Beyond the Human: Rethinking Agency in the Anthropocene,” The Anthropocene Review 7, no. 3 (2020): 274.

8

On the politics of memory in Colombia, see Cherilyn Elston, “Open Wounds: Commemorating the Colombian Conflict,” in On Commemoration: Global Reflections upon Remembering War, ed. Catherine Gilbert, Kate McLoughlin, and Niall Munro (Peter Lang, 2020).

9

This and subsequent translations are my own.

10

Jerome Jeffrey Cohen, Stone: An Ecology of the Inhuman (University of Minnesota Press, 2015), 21.

11

Marcia Bjornerud, Timefulness: How Thinking Like a Geologist Can Help Save the World (Princeton University Press, 2018), 8.

12

Luz García, Armero, un luto permanente (Apidama Ediciones, 2015), 71.

13

Macarena Gómez-Barris, The Extractive Zone: Social Ecologies and Decolonial Perspectives (Duke University Press, 2017), 5. See also Mariana Silva, “Mining the Deep Sea,” e-flux journal, no. 109 (May 2020) .

14

Ann Laura Stoler, Duress: Imperial Durabilities in Our Times (Duke University Press, 2016), 33.

15

Stoler, Duress, 31.

16

Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Déborah Danowski, “The Past Is Yet to Come,” e-flux journal, no. 114 (December 2020) .

17

Santiago Reyes Villaveces: Lo Bravo y Lo Manso (Instituto de Visión, 2019). Exhibition catalog.

18

As such, they can be said to be inhabitants of the pluriverse, or the “partially connected heterogeneous socionatural worlds” that are identified by Marisol de la Cadena, among others (Marisol de la Cadena, “Indigenous Cosmopolitics in the Andes: Conceptual Reflections beyond ‘Politics,’” Cultural Anthropology 25, no. 2 (2010): 360–61). See also Arturo Escobar, Pluriversal Politics: The Real and the Possible (Duke University Press, 2020).

19

Beatriz Nates Cruz, De lo bravo a lo manso: Territorio y sociedad en los Andes (Macizo colombiano) (Abya-yala, 2002), 20.

20

Santiago Reyes Villaveces: Lo Bravo y lo Manso.

21

Dipesh Chakrabarty, “World-Making, ‘Mass’ Poverty, and the Problem of Scale,” e-flux journal, no. 114 (December 2020) .

22

Maria Stepanova, In Memory of Memory, trans. Sasha Dugdale (Fitzcarraldo Editions, 2017), 145–46.

23

See Rebecca Jarman, “When Worlds Converge: Geological Ontologies and Volcanic Epistemologies in Colombian Literature after the 1985 Eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz,” Textual Practice, October 2022.

24

Santiago Reyes Villaveces, email to author, March 7, 2020.