From Self-Design to Algorithmic-Design

Andrew Nunes, “Comparing the Costs of Being an Emerging Artist in New York, Los Angeles, and Berlin,” Artsy, September 5, 2017 →.

Particularly the group Creamcake, which organizes parties and discursive events such as Europool, 3hd, and the <Interrupted = “Cyfem and Queer”> symposium. In summer 2018, a hundred clubs from Berlin’s techno scene co-organized a counterprotest against the AfD; see Agence France-Presse, “Thousands from far right and Berlin’s techno scene face off in rival rallies,” The Guardian, May 27, 2018 →.

Simone Dattenberger, “Medizin gegen die Destruktion,” Merkur, May 18, 2017 → (in German).

“Natascha Süder Happelmann to represent Germany at 2019 Venice Biennale,” Artforum, October 25, 2018 →.

Boris Groys, “Self-Design and Aesthetic Responsibility,” e-flux journal no. 7 (June 2009) →.

Boris Groys, Going Public (e-flux journal and Sternberg Press, 2010), 43.

Groys, Going Public, 45.

In Pakistan, women who wear jeans are still threatened with being doused in nitric acid.

See Kathleen Morgan Drowne and Patrick Huber, The 1920s (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004), 104; and David Matthews, “When the police could arrest women for their bathing suits,” Splinter News, August 14, 2015 →.

Joan Styan, “Wartime Hardships: Rationing in London,” BBC, June 17, 2004 →.

See →.

Robert Spangle, “Meet the men of Mr Erbil, Iraq’s suited-up style collective,” GQ, July 27, 2017 →.

“Hugo Boss apology for Nazi past as book is published,” BBC, September 21, 2011 →.

Ben Quinn, “Stop Anders Breivik wearing our clothes, Lacoste reportedly ask police,” The Guardian, September 9, 2011 →.

Vanessa Friedman and Jonah Engel Bromwich, “Cambridge Analytica Used Fashion Tastes to Identify Right-Wing Voters,” New York Times, November 29, 2018 →.

Berlin fashion label GmbH has used working-class iconography in its designs, such as a hammer and pickaxe.

See →.

Rory Rowan, “SO NOW!: On Normcore,” e-flux journal, October 2014 →.

Isabella Burley, “Say hello to ‘avant-normcore,’” Dazed, March 2, 2014 →.

See →.

See →.

Naomi Klein, No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies (Picador, 1999), 422.

Two years after Facebook was founded, it received an acquisition offer from Yahoo for $1 billion, but turned it down. Six years later, Facebook acquired Instagram for $1 billion, two years after Instagram was founded. Today, hardly anyone talks about Yahoo. Instagram has become Facebook, or Facebook has become Instagram, as Facebook’s own platform is dying. Tomorrow, Instagram might buy another emerging company and might itself disappear.

Klein, No Logo, 426.

See →.

See →. It’s important to look at the characteristics of cohorts within generations—and not only according to a Western-centric bias, but also in other parts of the world. Some examples are those in Malaysia known as Battling Lifers (born before 1942), Idealistic Strugglers (1943–61), Social Strivers (1962–77), Prospective Pursuers (1978–91), and Neoteric Inheritors (1992–present day). In Japan there are groups known as the Danso Generation (1951–60), the Shinjunrui Generation (1961–70), the Post-Bubble Generation (1986–95), and the Yutori Generation (1987–96).

Henry Cooke, “How much cash could you make with your Instagram?,” Stuff, May 17, 2016 →.

Constant Dullaart, “Why I’m Amassing an Army of Fake Social Media Followers,” Hyperallegic, November 4, 2015 →.

For “algorithmic imaginary,” see the work of Sam Kinsley →.