Beneath the Tent of a Horizonless Sky

Nauzer Bharucha. “TDR Buildings of last 20 years can fill up 9 Nariman Points and BKC.” Times of India, August 13, 2017, ➝.

dna Correspondent, "Mankhurd PAP building a vertical slum," DNA, June 9, 2011, ➝.

Sukanya Shantha, "Mumbai's 'Designed for Death' Buildings Are Incubating TB," The Wire, April 10, 2018,➝. See the original report by Doctors for You, ➝.

There are several news reports documenting the plight of Mahul residents, their protests and the court cases against the Municipal Corporation demanding the relocation of residents who have become critically ill due to living at the Mahul site. See, among others: Pallavi Pundir, “We visited the Mumbai neighbourhood so polluted its been declared unfit for human habitation,” Vice, September 17, 2019.

Topoanalysis is a concept developed by Gaston Bachelard in The Poetics of Space (Boston: Beacon Press, 1994).

For a rich exploration of the chawl as building typology and of its various social, cultural and political resonances, see: Neera Adarkar, ed., The Chawls of Mumbai: Galleries of Life (Mumbai: imprintOne, 2011).

Bachelard, 17.

Ibid., 26